/* *
 *
 *  Experimental Highcharts module which enables visualization of a Venn
 *  diagram.
 *
 *  (c) 2016-2024 Highsoft AS
 *  Authors: Jon Arild Nygard
 *
 *  Layout algorithm by Ben Frederickson:
 *  https://www.benfrederickson.com/better-venn-diagrams/
 *
 *  License: www.highcharts.com/license
 *
 *  !!!!!!! SOURCE GETS TRANSPILED BY TYPESCRIPT. EDIT TS FILE ONLY. !!!!!!!
 *
 * */
'use strict';
import CU from '../../Core/Geometry/CircleUtilities.js';
const { getAreaOfCircle, getCircleCircleIntersection, getOverlapBetweenCircles: getOverlapBetweenCirclesByDistance, isPointInsideAllCircles, isPointInsideCircle, isPointOutsideAllCircles } = CU;
import GU from '../../Core/Geometry/GeometryUtilities.js';
const { getDistanceBetweenPoints } = GU;
import U from '../../Core/Utilities.js';
const { extend, isArray, isNumber, isObject, isString } = U;
/* *
 *
 *  Functions
 *
 * */
/**
 * Takes an array of relations and adds the properties `totalOverlap` and
 * `overlapping` to each set. The property `totalOverlap` is the sum of
 * value for each relation where this set is included. The property
 * `overlapping` is a map of how much this set is overlapping another set.
 * NOTE: This algorithm ignores relations consisting of more than 2 sets.
 * @private
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.VennRelationObject>} relations
 * The list of relations that should be sorted.
 * @return {Array<Highcharts.VennRelationObject>}
 * Returns the modified input relations with added properties `totalOverlap`
 * and `overlapping`.
 */
function addOverlapToSets(relations) {
    // Calculate the amount of overlap per set.
    const mapOfIdToProps = {};
    relations
        // Filter out relations consisting of 2 sets.
        .filter((relation) => (relation.sets.length === 2))
        // Sum up the amount of overlap for each set.
        .forEach((relation) => {
        relation.sets.forEach((set, i, arr) => {
            if (!isObject(mapOfIdToProps[set])) {
                mapOfIdToProps[set] = {
                    totalOverlap: 0,
                    overlapping: {}
                };
            }
            mapOfIdToProps[set] = {
                totalOverlap: (mapOfIdToProps[set].totalOverlap || 0) +
                    relation.value,
                overlapping: {
                    ...(mapOfIdToProps[set].overlapping || {}),
                    [arr[1 - i]]: relation.value
                }
            };
        });
    });
    relations
        // Filter out single sets
        .filter(isSet)
        // Extend the set with the calculated properties.
        .forEach((set) => {
        const properties = mapOfIdToProps[set.sets[0]];
        extend(set, properties);
    });
    // Returns the modified relations.
    return relations;
}
/**
 * Finds the root of a given function. The root is the input value needed
 * for a function to return 0.
 *
 * See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisection_method#Algorithm
 *
 * TODO: Add unit tests.
 *
 * @param {Function} f
 * The function to find the root of.
 * @param {number} a
 * The lowest number in the search range.
 * @param {number} b
 * The highest number in the search range.
 * @param {number} [tolerance=1e-10]
 * The allowed difference between the returned value and root.
 * @param {number} [maxIterations=100]
 * The maximum iterations allowed.
 * @return {number}
 * Root number.
 */
function bisect(f, a, b, tolerance, maxIterations) {
    let fA = f(a), fB = f(b), nMax = maxIterations || 100, tol = tolerance || 1e-10, delta = b - a, n = 1, x, fX;
    if (a >= b) {
        throw new Error('a must be smaller than b.');
    }
    else if (fA * fB > 0) {
        throw new Error('f(a) and f(b) must have opposite signs.');
    }
    if (fA === 0) {
        x = a;
    }
    else if (fB === 0) {
        x = b;
    }
    else {
        while (n++ <= nMax && fX !== 0 && delta > tol) {
            delta = (b - a) / 2;
            x = a + delta;
            fX = f(x);
            // Update low and high for next search interval.
            if (fA * fX > 0) {
                a = x;
            }
            else {
                b = x;
            }
        }
    }
    return x;
}
/**
 * @private
 */
function getCentroid(simplex) {
    const arr = simplex.slice(0, -1), length = arr.length, result = [], sum = (data, point) => {
        data.sum += point[data.i];
        return data;
    };
    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        result[i] = arr.reduce(sum, { sum: 0, i: i }).sum / length;
    }
    return result;
}
/**
 * Uses the bisection method to make a best guess of the ideal distance
 * between two circles too get the desired overlap.
 * Currently there is no known formula to calculate the distance from the
 * area of overlap, which makes the bisection method preferred.
 * @private
 * @param {number} r1
 * Radius of the first circle.
 * @param {number} r2
 * Radius of the second circle.
 * @param {number} overlap
 * The wanted overlap between the two circles.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns the distance needed to get the wanted overlap between the two
 * circles.
 */
function getDistanceBetweenCirclesByOverlap(r1, r2, overlap) {
    let maxDistance = r1 + r2, distance;
    if (overlap <= 0) {
        // If overlap is below or equal to zero, then there is no overlap.
        distance = maxDistance;
    }
    else if (getAreaOfCircle(r1 < r2 ? r1 : r2) <= overlap) {
        // When area of overlap is larger than the area of the smallest
        // circle, then it is completely overlapping.
        distance = 0;
    }
    else {
        distance = bisect((x) => {
            const actualOverlap = getOverlapBetweenCirclesByDistance(r1, r2, x);
            // Return the difference between wanted and actual overlap.
            return overlap - actualOverlap;
        }, 0, maxDistance);
    }
    return distance;
}
/**
 * Finds the available width for a label, by taking the label position and
 * finding the largest distance, which is inside all internal circles, and
 * outside all external circles.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Highcharts.PositionObject} pos
 * The x and y coordinate of the label.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.CircleObject>} internal
 * Internal circles.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.CircleObject>} external
 * External circles.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns available width for the label.
 */
function getLabelWidth(pos, internal, external) {
    const radius = internal.reduce((min, circle) => Math.min(circle.r, min), Infinity), 
    // Filter out external circles that are completely overlapping.
    filteredExternals = external.filter((circle) => !isPointInsideCircle(pos, circle));
    const findDistance = function (maxDistance, direction) {
        return bisect((x) => {
            const testPos = {
                x: pos.x + (direction * x),
                y: pos.y
            }, isValid = (isPointInsideAllCircles(testPos, internal) &&
                isPointOutsideAllCircles(testPos, filteredExternals));
            // If the position is valid, then we want to move towards the
            // max distance. If not, then we want to away from the max distance.
            return -(maxDistance - x) + (isValid ? 0 : Number.MAX_VALUE);
        }, 0, maxDistance);
    };
    // Find the smallest distance of left and right.
    return Math.min(findDistance(radius, -1), findDistance(radius, 1)) * 2;
}
/**
 * Calculates a margin for a point based on the internal and external
 * circles. The margin describes if the point is well placed within the
 * internal circles, and away from the external.
 * @private
 * @todo add unit tests.
 * @param {Highcharts.PositionObject} point
 * The point to evaluate.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.CircleObject>} internal
 * The internal circles.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.CircleObject>} external
 * The external circles.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns the margin.
 */
function getMarginFromCircles(point, internal, external) {
    let margin = internal.reduce((margin, circle) => {
        const m = circle.r - getDistanceBetweenPoints(point, circle);
        return (m <= margin) ? m : margin;
    }, Number.MAX_VALUE);
    margin = external.reduce((margin, circle) => {
        const m = getDistanceBetweenPoints(point, circle) - circle.r;
        return (m <= margin) ? m : margin;
    }, margin);
    return margin;
}
/**
 * Calculates the area of overlap between a list of circles.
 * @private
 * @todo add support for calculating overlap between more than 2 circles.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.CircleObject>} circles
 * List of circles with their given positions.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns the area of overlap between all the circles.
 */
function getOverlapBetweenCircles(circles) {
    let overlap = 0;
    // When there is only two circles we can find the overlap by using their
    // radiuses and the distance between them.
    if (circles.length === 2) {
        const circle1 = circles[0];
        const circle2 = circles[1];
        overlap = getOverlapBetweenCirclesByDistance(circle1.r, circle2.r, getDistanceBetweenPoints(circle1, circle2));
    }
    return overlap;
}
// eslint-disable-next-line require-jsdoc
function isSet(x) {
    return isArray(x.sets) && x.sets.length === 1;
}
// eslint-disable-next-line require-jsdoc
function isValidRelation(x) {
    const map = {};
    return (isObject(x) &&
        (isNumber(x.value) && x.value > -1) &&
        (isArray(x.sets) && x.sets.length > 0) &&
        !x.sets.some(function (set) {
            let invalid = false;
            if (!map[set] && isString(set)) {
                map[set] = true;
            }
            else {
                invalid = true;
            }
            return invalid;
        }));
}
// eslint-disable-next-line require-jsdoc
function isValidSet(x) {
    return (isValidRelation(x) && isSet(x) && x.value > 0);
}
/**
 * Uses a greedy approach to position all the sets. Works well with a small
 * number of sets, and are in these cases a good choice aesthetically.
 * @private
 * @param {Array<object>} relations List of the overlap between two or more
 * sets, or the size of a single set.
 * @return {Array<object>} List of circles and their calculated positions.
 */
function layoutGreedyVenn(relations) {
    const positionedSets = [], mapOfIdToCircles = {};
    // Define a circle for each set.
    relations
        .filter((relation) => (relation.sets.length === 1))
        .forEach((relation) => {
        mapOfIdToCircles[relation.sets[0]] = relation.circle = {
            x: Number.MAX_VALUE,
            y: Number.MAX_VALUE,
            r: Math.sqrt(relation.value / Math.PI)
        };
    });
    /**
     * Takes a set and updates the position, and add the set to the list of
     * positioned sets.
     * @private
     * @param {Object} set
     * The set to add to its final position.
     * @param {Object} coordinates
     * The coordinates to position the set at.
     */
    const positionSet = (set, coordinates) => {
        const circle = set.circle;
        if (circle) {
            circle.x = coordinates.x;
            circle.y = coordinates.y;
        }
        positionedSets.push(set);
    };
    // Find overlap between sets. Ignore relations with more then 2 sets.
    addOverlapToSets(relations);
    // Sort sets by the sum of their size from large to small.
    const sortedByOverlap = relations
        .filter(isSet)
        .sort(sortByTotalOverlap);
    // Position the most overlapped set at 0,0.
    positionSet(sortedByOverlap.shift(), { x: 0, y: 0 });
    const relationsWithTwoSets = relations.filter((x) => (x.sets.length === 2));
    // Iterate and position the remaining sets.
    for (const set of sortedByOverlap) {
        const circle = set.circle;
        if (!circle) {
            continue;
        }
        const radius = circle.r, overlapping = set.overlapping;
        const bestPosition = positionedSets.reduce((best, positionedSet, i) => {
            const positionedCircle = positionedSet.circle;
            if (!positionedCircle || !overlapping) {
                return best;
            }
            const overlap = overlapping[positionedSet.sets[0]];
            // Calculate the distance between the sets to get the
            // correct overlap
            const distance = getDistanceBetweenCirclesByOverlap(radius, positionedCircle.r, overlap);
            // Create a list of possible coordinates calculated from
            // distance.
            let possibleCoordinates = [
                { x: positionedCircle.x + distance, y: positionedCircle.y },
                { x: positionedCircle.x - distance, y: positionedCircle.y },
                { x: positionedCircle.x, y: positionedCircle.y + distance },
                { x: positionedCircle.x, y: positionedCircle.y - distance }
            ];
            // If there are more circles overlapping, then add the
            // intersection points as possible positions.
            for (const positionedSet2 of positionedSets.slice(i + 1)) {
                const positionedCircle2 = positionedSet2.circle, overlap2 = overlapping[positionedSet2.sets[0]];
                if (!positionedCircle2) {
                    continue;
                }
                const distance2 = getDistanceBetweenCirclesByOverlap(radius, positionedCircle2.r, overlap2);
                // Add intersections to list of coordinates.
                possibleCoordinates = possibleCoordinates.concat(getCircleCircleIntersection({
                    x: positionedCircle.x,
                    y: positionedCircle.y,
                    r: distance
                }, {
                    x: positionedCircle2.x,
                    y: positionedCircle2.y,
                    r: distance2
                }));
            }
            // Iterate all suggested coordinates and find the best one.
            for (const coordinates of possibleCoordinates) {
                circle.x = coordinates.x;
                circle.y = coordinates.y;
                // Calculate loss for the suggested coordinates.
                const currentLoss = loss(mapOfIdToCircles, relationsWithTwoSets);
                // If the loss is better, then use these new coordinates
                if (currentLoss < best.loss) {
                    best.loss = currentLoss;
                    best.coordinates = coordinates;
                }
            }
            // Return resulting coordinates.
            return best;
        }, {
            loss: Number.MAX_VALUE,
            coordinates: void 0
        });
        // Add the set to its final position.
        positionSet(set, bestPosition.coordinates);
    }
    // Return the positions of each set.
    return mapOfIdToCircles;
}
/**
 * Calculates the difference between the desired overlap and the actual
 * overlap between two circles.
 * @private
 * @param {Dictionary<Highcharts.CircleObject>} mapOfIdToCircle
 * Map from id to circle.
 * @param {Array<Highcharts.VennRelationObject>} relations
 * List of relations to calculate the loss of.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns the loss between positions of the circles for the given
 * relations.
 */
function loss(mapOfIdToCircle, relations) {
    const precision = 10e10;
    // Iterate all the relations and calculate their individual loss.
    return relations.reduce(function (totalLoss, relation) {
        let loss = 0;
        if (relation.sets.length > 1) {
            const wantedOverlap = relation.value;
            // Calculate the actual overlap between the sets.
            const actualOverlap = getOverlapBetweenCircles(
            // Get the circles for the given sets.
            relation.sets.map(function (set) {
                return mapOfIdToCircle[set];
            }));
            const diff = wantedOverlap - actualOverlap;
            loss = Math.round((diff * diff) * precision) / precision;
        }
        // Add calculated loss to the sum.
        return totalLoss + loss;
    }, 0);
}
/**
 * Finds an optimal position for a given point.
 * @todo add unit tests.
 * @todo add constraints to optimize the algorithm.
 * @private
 * @param {Highcharts.NelderMeadTestFunction} fn
 *        The function to test a point.
 * @param {Highcharts.NelderMeadPointArray} initial
 *        The initial point to optimize.
 * @return {Highcharts.NelderMeadPointArray}
 *         Returns the optimized position of a point.
 */
function nelderMead(fn, initial) {
    const maxIterations = 100, sortByFx = function (a, b) {
        return a.fx - b.fx;
    }, pRef = 1, // Reflection parameter
    pExp = 2, // Expansion parameter
    pCon = -0.5, // Contraction parameter
    pOCon = pCon * pRef, // Outwards contraction parameter
    pShrink = 0.5; // Shrink parameter
    /**
     * @private
     */
    const weightedSum = (weight1, v1, weight2, v2) => v1.map((x, i) => weight1 * x + weight2 * v2[i]);
    /**
     * @private
     */
    const getSimplex = (initial) => {
        const n = initial.length, simplex = new Array(n + 1);
        // Initial point to the simplex.
        simplex[0] = initial;
        simplex[0].fx = fn(initial);
        // Create a set of extra points based on the initial.
        for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            const point = initial.slice();
            point[i] = point[i] ? point[i] * 1.05 : 0.001;
            point.fx = fn(point);
            simplex[i + 1] = point;
        }
        return simplex;
    };
    const updateSimplex = (simplex, point) => {
        point.fx = fn(point);
        simplex[simplex.length - 1] = point;
        return simplex;
    };
    const shrinkSimplex = (simplex) => {
        const best = simplex[0];
        return simplex.map((point) => {
            const p = weightedSum(1 - pShrink, best, pShrink, point);
            p.fx = fn(p);
            return p;
        });
    };
    const getPoint = (centroid, worst, a, b) => {
        const point = weightedSum(a, centroid, b, worst);
        point.fx = fn(point);
        return point;
    };
    // Create a simplex
    let simplex = getSimplex(initial);
    // Iterate from 0 to max iterations
    for (let i = 0; i < maxIterations; i++) {
        // Sort the simplex
        simplex.sort(sortByFx);
        // Create a centroid from the simplex
        const worst = simplex[simplex.length - 1];
        const centroid = getCentroid(simplex);
        // Calculate the reflected point.
        const reflected = getPoint(centroid, worst, 1 + pRef, -pRef);
        if (reflected.fx < simplex[0].fx) {
            // If reflected point is the best, then possibly expand.
            const expanded = getPoint(centroid, worst, 1 + pExp, -pExp);
            simplex = updateSimplex(simplex, (expanded.fx < reflected.fx) ? expanded : reflected);
        }
        else if (reflected.fx >= simplex[simplex.length - 2].fx) {
            // If the reflected point is worse than the second worse, then
            // contract.
            let contracted;
            if (reflected.fx > worst.fx) {
                // If the reflected is worse than the worst point, do a
                // contraction
                contracted = getPoint(centroid, worst, 1 + pCon, -pCon);
                if (contracted.fx < worst.fx) {
                    simplex = updateSimplex(simplex, contracted);
                }
                else {
                    simplex = shrinkSimplex(simplex);
                }
            }
            else {
                // Otherwise do an outwards contraction
                contracted = getPoint(centroid, worst, 1 - pOCon, pOCon);
                if (contracted.fx < reflected.fx) {
                    simplex = updateSimplex(simplex, contracted);
                }
                else {
                    simplex = shrinkSimplex(simplex);
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            simplex = updateSimplex(simplex, reflected);
        }
    }
    return simplex[0];
}
/**
 * Prepares the venn data so that it is usable for the layout function.
 * Filter out sets, or intersections that includes sets, that are missing in
 * the data or has (value < 1). Adds missing relations between sets in the
 * data as value = 0.
 * @private
 * @param {Array<object>} data The raw input data.
 * @return {Array<object>} Returns an array of valid venn data.
 */
function processVennData(data, splitter) {
    const d = isArray(data) ? data : [];
    const validSets = d
        .reduce(function (arr, x) {
        // Check if x is a valid set, and that it is not an duplicate.
        if (x.sets && isValidSet(x) && arr.indexOf(x.sets[0]) === -1) {
            arr.push(x.sets[0]);
        }
        return arr;
    }, [])
        .sort();
    const mapOfIdToRelation = d.reduce(function (mapOfIdToRelation, relation) {
        if (relation.sets &&
            isValidRelation(relation) &&
            !relation.sets.some(function (set) {
                return validSets.indexOf(set) === -1;
            })) {
            mapOfIdToRelation[relation.sets.sort().join(splitter)] = {
                sets: relation.sets,
                value: relation.value || 0
            };
        }
        return mapOfIdToRelation;
    }, {});
    validSets.reduce(function (combinations, set, i, arr) {
        const remaining = arr.slice(i + 1);
        remaining.forEach(function (set2) {
            combinations.push(set + splitter + set2);
        });
        return combinations;
    }, []).forEach(function (combination) {
        if (!mapOfIdToRelation[combination]) {
            const obj = {
                sets: combination.split(splitter),
                value: 0
            };
            mapOfIdToRelation[combination] = obj;
        }
    });
    // Transform map into array.
    return Object
        .keys(mapOfIdToRelation)
        .map(function (id) {
        return mapOfIdToRelation[id];
    });
}
/**
 * Takes two sets and finds the one with the largest total overlap.
 * @private
 * @param {Object} a
 * The first set to compare.
 * @param {Object} b
 * The second set to compare.
 * @return {number}
 * Returns 0 if a and b are equal, <0 if a is greater, >0 if b is greater.
 */
function sortByTotalOverlap(a, b) {
    if (typeof b.totalOverlap !== 'undefined' &&
        typeof a.totalOverlap !== 'undefined') {
        return b.totalOverlap - a.totalOverlap;
    }
    return NaN;
}
/* *
 *
 *  Default Export
 *
 * */
const VennUtils = {
    geometry: GU,
    geometryCircles: CU,
    addOverlapToSets,
    getCentroid,
    getDistanceBetweenCirclesByOverlap,
    getLabelWidth,
    getMarginFromCircles,
    isSet,
    layoutGreedyVenn,
    loss,
    nelderMead,
    processVennData,
    sortByTotalOverlap
};
export default VennUtils;
